About this business
More than 1.5 million farmers in Bengal are involved in the cultivation of betel. In Bengal, the plant is grown in the regions of Howrah, South 24 Parganas, Purba Medinipur and Uttar Dinajpur districts. Bangla, Sanchi, Mitha, Kali Bangla and Simurali Bangla are some of the varieties grown in the state. Betel leaf farmers in Purba Medinipur and South 24 Parganas the two West Bengal districts famous for the evergreen creeper. The two districts, aided by their climatic characteristics, happen to be a very important source for the famous and pricey mitha (sweet) patta variety. Out of 25 blocks in Purba Medinipur, 10 blocks have intensive paan farming. Over one lakh families are estimated to be involved in betel leaf cultivation in Purba Medinipur.These blocks are Nandakumar, Tamluk, Sahid Matangini, Moyna, Mahishadal, Ramnagar I and II, Egra and Nandigram. Farming is undertaken in about 5,000 hectares. In South 24 Parganas, intensive betel leaf farming takes place in nine blocks out of the total of 29 blocks. The Southern part of the district is better known for the mitha variety while in the Northern part, the Bangla variety, which jells well with the states name, is major produce. In this district, the important paan growing blocks are Sagar, Kakdwip, Namkhana, Patharpratima, Kulpi, Magrahat I, Budge, Budge II and Bishnupur I. The economy of Sagar is dependent almost entirely on betel leaf farming. In South 24 Parganas, nearly 40,000 families are involved.
Export sales are handled by the Agricultural Processed Food Products Export Development Authority. The important markets are Sri Lanka, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Bahrein, Saudi Arabia, etc. In 2018-19, exports stood at 13,195.43 tonnes valued at Rs 46.75 crore. According to Aswini Jana, who is also associated with Samyukta Panchasi Samity under UTUC, the districts varieties that find a way to overseas markets are Mitha, Kali Bangla and Halud Pata.
For the record, use of paan is a must in Hindu marriages. At lunches and dinners hosted to mark any occasion in the state, paan happens to be a must to treat the invitees after they have taken the food.
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